{"id":288,"date":"2016-05-18T16:48:49","date_gmt":"2016-05-18T09:48:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vuthanhnamduc.wordpress.com\/?p=288"},"modified":"2016-05-18T16:48:49","modified_gmt":"2016-05-18T09:48:49","slug":"xay-dung-kpi-chi-so-danh-gia-hieu-qua-hoat-dong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/vuthanhnamduc.com\/index.php\/2016\/05\/18\/xay-dung-kpi-chi-so-danh-gia-hieu-qua-hoat-dong\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPI – Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Key Performance Indicator (KPI) \u2013 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c (hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Doanh Nghi\u1ec7p)<\/h2>\n

1. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng KPIs trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c<\/b><\/p>\n

\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng KPIs trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:
\n\u2022 Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong b\u1ea3n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee9c danh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.
\n\u2022 C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.
\n\u2022 Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u1edf n\u00ean minh b\u1ea1ch, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n\u2026<\/p>\n

2. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPIs<\/b>
\nL\u00e0 1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u00f9ng trong \u0110GTHCV, n\u00ean khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng KPIs nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u0169ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed SMART:
\n\u2022 1. S \u2013 Specific: C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3
\n\u2022 2. M \u2013 Measurable: \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c
\n\u2022 3. A \u2013 Achiveable: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c
\n\u2022 4. R \u2013 Realistics:Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf
\n\u2022 5. T \u2013 Timbound: C\u00f3 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3
\nKh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPIs, tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng KPIs cu\u1ea3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed SMART th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n

3. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng KPIs trong \u0110GTHCV<\/b>
\n\u2013 N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t nhanh cho th\u1ea5y th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c.
\n\u2013 C\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhanh h\u01a1n khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111i k\u00e8m theo.
\n\u2013 C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap kh\u00e2u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, ph\u00f2ng\/ban ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch, t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean.
\n\u2013 M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chung v\u1edbi nhau theo nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.
\n\u2013 \u0110\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c \u0110GTHCV s\u1ebd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n m\u00e0 \u00edt c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

4. Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng KPIs<\/b>
\n\u2013 N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed SMART th\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0110GTHCV m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00e2y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 x\u1ea5u cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00f3i chung.
\n\u2013 N\u1ebfu m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed Specific (c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3) th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 mong mu\u1ed1n.
\n\u2013 C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed measuarable (\u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c): Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 THCV.
\n\u2013 C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed Achievable (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c) v\u00e0 Realistics (th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf):\u2026: M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e1 xa v\u1eddi so v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m l\u00fd th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng, ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.
\n\u2013 C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m trong th\u1eddi gian bao l\u00e2u hay khi n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c
\n\u2013 Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed KPIs l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1edd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e2y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec h\u01a1i kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft 1 t\u00ed : Quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPIs cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, ch\u1ee9c danh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c<\/b><\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/b>
\nNh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ty. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Strategy map (b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c) hay b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ea1ch ra m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u00f4\u0301 v\u00ea\u0300 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ra) v\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh doanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 ra l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh KPI:
\n\"KPI<\/p>\n

T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tuy\u00ean b\u00f4\u0301 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, m\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c C\u00e2\u0301p \u0111\u00f4\u0323 3 (ta\u0301c nh\u00e2n thu\u0301c \u0111\u00e2\u0309y gia\u0301 tri\u0323) n\u00e0o l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty \u0111i theo tuy\u00ean b\u00f4\u0301 gia\u0301 tri\u0323 \u201cv\u00e2\u0323n ha\u0300nh xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc\u201d ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, l\u1eadp chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u201chi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9\u201d v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPI cho kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPIs<\/b>
\nC\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn\/ph\u00f2ng\/ban t\u1ef1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPIs: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn\/ph\u00f2ng\/ban ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng KPIs cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee9c danh trong b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn\/ph\u00f2ng\/ban \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n (b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n).<\/p>\n

\u2013 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPIs th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn\/ph\u00f2ng\/ban \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng quan nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee9c danh trong b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn\/ph\u00f2ng\/ban qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPIs n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.
\n\u2013 \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y: c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs do c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn\/ph\u00f2ng\/ban t\u1ef1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cho b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi cao v\u00e0 mang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 n\u00e9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn.
\n\u2013 Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch quan trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng KPIs nh\u01b0: \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPIs theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, am hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn\/ph\u00f2ng\/ban.<\/p>\n

\u2013 B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n: kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch quan, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn\/ph\u00f2ng\/ban.
\n\u2013 \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng KPIs sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 g\u00f3p \u00fd, th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh (Key Performance Question \u2013 KPQ)<\/b>
\n\u0110\u1ec3 thu h\u1eb9p danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c chi\u0309 s\u00f4\u0301 \u0111o l\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c s\u00fac t\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u0103\u0323t ra c\u00e1c KPQ l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng 1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.
\nD\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u01a1\u0300i khuy\u00ean \u0111\u00ea\u0309 \u0111\u00ea\u0300 ra c\u00e1c KPQ:<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110a\u0309m ba\u0309o ch\u00fang li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn doanh nghi\u1ec7p
\nR\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m khi s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng la\u0323i KPQ v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng r\u00fat ra KPI t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed7i doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

\u2013 K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t
\nB\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng b\u00ean li\u00ean quan tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. Sau c\u00f9ng th\u00ec, c\u1ea3 KPQ l\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPI \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u00ec c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a KPQ
\nV\u1edbi t\u1eebng ta\u0301c nh\u00e2n thu\u0301c \u0111\u00e2\u0309y gia\u0301 tri\u0323, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 1 cho \u0111\u1ebfn 2 KPQ \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n

\u2013 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u1edf
\nV\u00ec KPQ cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh<\/a>\u00a0cho KPI \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u1edf nh\u1eb1m g\u1ee3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 suy ngh\u0129, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn. \u0110\u00f4i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1ea1i qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 sau c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh doanh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi C\u00f3\/Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

\u2013 T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai: KPQ n\u00ean d\u1eabn d\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. Vi\u00ea\u0323c h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 \u201cCh\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c XYZ ch\u01b0a?\u201d la\u0300 t\u01b0\u0323 \u0111i va\u0300o ngo\u0303 cu\u0323t. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c KPQ n\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cCh\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c XYZ t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u?\u201d<\/p>\n

\u2013 S\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc KPQ trong qua\u0301 tri\u0300nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng
\nM\u1ed9t khi KPQ \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 hi\u00ea\u0323u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi\u0309 s\u00f4\u0301 KPI, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh KPQ \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p qua th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

Sau khi xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh li\u00ean h\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh KPI theo m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c KRAs (Keys Result Area) c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn (c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng\/nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f2ng).<\/b>
\nM\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng\/tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn\/ph\u00f2ng\/ban v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c KPIs \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n, g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee9c danh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee9c danh.<\/b>
\n\u2013 V\u1edbi m\u1ed7i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee9c danh th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPIs c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c). C\u00e1c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00eau ra ph\u1ea3i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 6: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs (ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1) v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/b>
\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh mang t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c chi\u0309 s\u00f4\u0301 KPI. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn ra lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t:<\/p>\n

\u2013 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u
\nT\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ta\u0301c nh\u00e2n thu\u0301c \u0111\u00e2\u0309y gia\u0301 tri\u0323 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho KPI, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng, c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh phong ph\u00fa l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00f4 gi\u00e1.
\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m t\u1eadp trung, \u0111a\u0301nh gi\u00e1 b\u01a1\u0309i ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, quan s\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ngang nhau.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u
\nC\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp hay ch\u01b0a v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng tin hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ti\u0301nh chi\u0301nh xa\u0301c c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c hay k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f9ng l\u00fac.<\/p>\n

\u2013 C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c\/Thang \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m\/Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1
\n\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y quy\u00ea\u0301t \u0111i\u0323nh c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c \u0111i\u0323nh nghi\u0303a th\u00ea\u0301 na\u0300o hay c\u00e1ch thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ti\u0301nh (vd: l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn bi\u00ean hay ROI) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thang \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m; trong khi \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thang \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m Danh ngh\u0129a (Nominal), Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 (Ordinal), N\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 (Internal) v\u00e0 T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 (Ratio). Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, thang \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m Likert \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

\u2013 T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t
\nB\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c KPI, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i chi\u0309 s\u00f4\u0301 KPI. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c KPI n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n trong khi c\u00e1c KPI b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i (nh\u01b0 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u00ea\u0323u) l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c 2 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. C\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t n\u00e0o s\u1ea3n sinh ra \u0111\u1ee7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e1c KPQ.<\/p>\n

a. KPIs c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn: d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn\/ph\u00f2ng\/ban ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng KPIs s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs chung \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho c\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPIs c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee9c danh.<\/p>\n

b. KPIs cho t\u1eebng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee9c danh:
\n\u2013 V\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPIs \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee9c danh n\u00eau tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn.
\n\u2013 C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ti\u00eau ch\u00ed SMART v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ebd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n.
\n\u2013 K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1: K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 th\u00e1ng, qu\u00fd, n\u0103m. T\u00f9y v\u00e0o t\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs, n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 7: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 cho c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau\/hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh<\/b>
\n\u2013 Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ra th\u00e0nh 2 \u2013 5 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c theo k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.
\n\u2013 C\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e0ng kh\u00e1ch quan. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 chia nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5ng \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1<\/p>\n

L\u00fd do quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb1ng sau s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c KPI \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd d\u1eabn d\u1eaft doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh \u0111\u1ec1 ra. Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111o nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd:
\n\u2013 C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian
\n\u2013 Mang ti\u0301nh tham v\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c
\n\u2013 D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 100), thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp theo t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 (nh\u01b0 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 20%), g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o top 100 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c), li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed\/ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch (nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m 10% ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch).
\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean cho vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau:
\n\u2013 \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng
\n\u2013 C\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec9nh, \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u0169ng, th\u1eddi vu\u0323
\n\u2013 C\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n-qu\u1ea3
\n\u2013 Xem x\u00e9t m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t KPI \u0111\u1ea1t hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ra, chu\u0301ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c hi\u00ea\u0323n thi\u0323 s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng c\u00e1c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e8n giao th\u00f4ng\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh. Do v\u1eady, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf KPI c\u0169ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho hi\u1ec7u su\u00e2\u0301t th\u1ea5p (\u0110\u1ecf), hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh (V\u00e0ng), hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t (Xanh l\u00e1) v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t (Xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 8: Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 KPIs v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u01b0\u1edfng<\/b>
\nV\u1edbi m\u1ed7i khung \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng KPIs s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed7i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3i ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u1ee9c danh, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng\u2026 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPIs linh ho\u1ea1t trong c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u00ean thu\u00ea c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean trong C\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd chung c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd: V\u1edbi m\u1ed7i chi\u0309 s\u00f4\u0301 KPI, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3:<\/b>
\n\u2013 S\u00f4\u0301 nh\u00e2\u0323n di\u00ea\u0323n KPI : S\u1ed1 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap theo d\u00f5i m\u1ecdi ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a.
\n\u2013 T\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 : \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi ng\u1eafn gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 \u00fd ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1
\n\u2013 Ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu KPI : X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi\/b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: TRG v\u00e0 s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi Kinhcan<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 8 b\u01b0\u1edbc:
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 1: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 2: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng KPIs
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 3: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh (Key Performance Question \u2013 KPQ)
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 4: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c KRAs (Keys Result Area) c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn (c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng\/nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f2ng).
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 5: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee9c danh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee9c danh.
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 6: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 KPIs (ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1) v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 7: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 cho c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau\/hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 8: Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 KPIs v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u01b0\u1edfng<\/p>\n

(Theo Blognhansu.net)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Key Performance Indicator (KPI) \u2013 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c (hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Doanh Nghi\u1ec7p) 1. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng KPIs trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng KPIs trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[2,29,28,30,31,15,22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-288","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","category-doanh-nghiep","category-du-an","category-he-thong","category-kien-thuc-kinh-nghiem-hr","category-quan-tri-nhan-su","category-tu-van"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/vuthanhnamduc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/288","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/vuthanhnamduc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/vuthanhnamduc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/vuthanhnamduc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/vuthanhnamduc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=288"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/vuthanhnamduc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/288\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/vuthanhnamduc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=288"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/vuthanhnamduc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=288"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/vuthanhnamduc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=288"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}